1. Introduction
2. Back and Neck Injuries
3. Shoulder Injuries
4. Knee Injuries
5. Hand and Wrist Injuries
6. Head Injuries

1. Introduction
   9:00 - 9:45, John G. Crandley
   1. Purposes of Medical Examinations in the Legal Process
   2. Doctor's Perspective as Treating vs. as Examining Physician
   3. What the Doctor is Asked to Do in an IME
   4. Whether an "IME" is Really Independent
   5. Objective vs. Subjective Symptoms in Medical Reports
2. Back and Neck Injuries
   9:45 - 10:45, Steven L. Gershon M.D.
   1. Anatomy of the Spine
   2. Types of Injuries: How Trauma Occurs and How it Affects Function
   3. What to Look for in Medical Records and Diagnostic Tests (and Their Limitations)
   4. New Injury vs. Recurrence vs. Aggravation of Injury; Acute Injury vs. Pre-Existing Condition
   5. Common Medical Treatment
   6. Q&A
3. Shoulder Injuries
   11:00 - 12:00, Lawrence M. Shall M.D.
   1. Anatomy of the Shoulder
   2. Types of Injuries: How Trauma Occurs and How it Affects Function
   3. What to Look for in Medical Records and Diagnostic Tests (and Their Limitations)
   4. New Injury vs. Recurrence vs. Aggravation of Injury; Acute Injury vs. Pre-Existing Condition
   5. Common Medical Treatment
   6. Q&A
4. Knee Injuries
   1:00 - 2:00, Lawrence M. Shall M.D.
   1. Anatomy of the Knee
   2. Types of Injuries: How Trauma Occurs and How it Affects Function
   3. What to Look for in Medical Records and Diagnostic Tests (and Their Limitations)
   4. New Injury vs. Recurrence vs. Aggravation of Injury; Acute Injury vs. Pre-Existing Condition
   5. Common Medical Treatment
   6. Q&A
5. Hand and Wrist Injuries
   2:00 - 3:00, Robert H. Schnarrs M.D.
   1. Anatomy of Hand and Wrist
   2. Types of Injuries: How Trauma Occurs and How it Affects Function
   3. What to Look for in Medical Records and Diagnostic Tests (and Their Limitations)
   4. New Injury vs. Recurrence vs. Aggravation of Injury; Acute Injury vs. Pre-Existing Condition
   5. Common Medical Treatment
   6. Q&A
6. Head Injuries
   3:15 - 4:30, Neil L. Pugach M.D.
   1. Anatomy of the Brain
   2. Types of Injuries: How Trauma Occurs and How it Affects Function
   3. What to Look for in Medical Records and Diagnostic Tests (and Their Limitations)
   4. Common Medical Treatment
   5. Q&A

JOHN G. CRANDLEY is a partner in the law firm of Preston, Wilson & Crandley, where he practices primarily in the areas of civil litigation and insurance defense. Mr. Crandley is a member of the Norfolk & Portsmouth and American bar associations, as well as the Virginia State Bar and the Virginia Association of Defense Attorneys. He earned his B.A. degree from College of the Holy Cross and his J.D. degree from Marshall-Whythe School of Law, College of William & Mary.

STEVEN L. GERSHON M.D. is board certified in physical medicine. He served as medical director for Sentara's rehabilitation department in Virginia Beach as well as for the SpineWorks Subacute program. In addition to his practice with Gershon Pain Specialists, Dr. Gershon is a clinical assistant professor at Eastern Virginia Medical School and is involved in clinical research. He lectures extensively and is the co-author of many articles on pain management. Dr. Gershon received his B.S. degree from Tulane University and his Doctor of Medicine degree from Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY. He is a fellow of the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and a member of the Virginia Society of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, the International Spine Injection Society, the Physiatric Association of Spine, Sports and Occupational Rehabilitation (PASSOR), the American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians, and the American Association of Neuromuscular & Electrodiagnostic Medicine.

NEIL L. PUGACH M.D. is a headache specialist in Virginia Beach. In his practice, Dr. Pugach manages headaches of all types, including patients with chronic, debilitating and difficult to treat headaches. He graduated from Connecticut College and received his M.D. degree from Boston University Medical School. Dr. Pugach was among the first group of physicians to take and pass the Headache Medicine boards, first offered by the United Council of Neurologic Subspecialties, in 2006. He has continued to practice headache medicine while also spending 2 years predominantly serving as a principal investigator for clinical drug trials involving new treatments for migraines and psychiatric disorders. This included participation in the PREEMPT trial, the study which led to the first preventive treatment ever approved by the FDA in the US for chronic migraine, i.e., Botox injections. Dr. Pugach is board certified by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology (Neurology) and the United Council of Neurologic Subspecialties (Headache Medicine). He is a member of the American Academy of Neurology, the American Headache Society, the International Headache Society, the National Headache Foundation and the International Brain Injury Association.

ROBERT H. SCHNARRS M.D. is a physician with The Hague Plastic Surgery and Cosmetic Center dealing predominantly with cosmetic plastic surgery and reconstructive breast surgery. He is regionally recognized as a leader in breast reconstruction for correction of congenital anomalies and after mastectomy for carcinoma. Dr. Schnarrs practice also encompasses the treatment of upper extremity and hand injuries and anomalies, as well correction of craniomaxilofacial injuries. He actively participates in the care of burn victims in association with the trauma service at Sentara Norfolk General Hospital. Dr. Schnarrs earned his B.S. degree from Pennsylvania State University and his Doctor of Medicine degree from Pennsylvania State University, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center. He is board certified in general and plastic surgery. Dr. Schnarrs also earned a Certificate of Added Qualification in Hand Surgery. He holds a community faculty position with the Eastern Virginia Medical School and frequently lectures and instructs medical students and residents. Dr. Schnarrs has served and continues to serve on a number of academic committee appointments both locally and nationally. He has published numerous articles in plastic surgery related journals, as well as several textbook chapters.

LAWRENCE M. SHALL M.D. is an orthopaedic surgeon with Atlantic Orthopaedic Specialists in Virginia Beach. Dr. Shall specializes in sports medicine, knee and shoulder surgery, and general orthopaedics. He earned his B.A. degree from Ohio State University and his Doctor of Medicine degree from the Medical College of Ohio at Toledo. Dr. Shall served his residency at The Mount Sinai Medical Center affiliated with Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. He is licensed to practice in Ohio, Virginia and North Carolina. Dr. Shall is a member of the Norfolk Academy of Medicine, the Arthroscopy Association of North America, the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, the Virginia Orthopaedic Society, the American Medical Association and the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine.

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